ETHC445N-Week 2 Discussion: Religion and Ethics

Course

ETHC445N – Principles of Ethics

Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:

  • Textbook: Chapters 3, 4
  • Lesson
  • Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook)

Initial Post Instructions
St. Augustine in the 5th Century held that we are free to make choices in life. This is the idea of free will. It may seem at first glance odd for a religious thinker to say that we have free will. After all, if God exists, then God created all things. God knows already what we will do. God can cause anything to occur. If we cause things to occur, that seems to be a limitation on the power of God and not make God all-powerful.

There are also religion traditions that say that we have no free will. There are some theologians in Islam who seem to suggest that is true. In order for this line of reasoning to hold true, one would need to believe free will is an illusion and that we have no control over how we live our lives, but rather that we are puppets moving and acting due to God’s will and the powers of destiny and fate. And if this then in the case, how can we possibly be responsible for our actions?

The considerations above show us to what degree our religious beliefs can shape us. For instance, someone who believes in free will may experience way more guilt than someone who believes we don’t have free will and thus aren’t responsible for the choices (and consequences) of the actions we take.

Personal struggles with religion and ethics occur in many places, including in the healthcare arena. Consider the following: You are a nurse in a hospital. A 12 year-old was brought to the hospital by an ambulance. The parents have just arrived at the hospital. This 12 year-old has lost a large amount of blood and requires a transfusion. The parents happen to be members of a religion that believes that blood transfusions are immoral. They want to remove the child from the hospital and prevent the transfusion even if it means the death of the child. You have to decide whether or not you will participate in an action that violates the will of the parents and aid in providing blood for the child. If you choose to participate, and even if you are able to legally justify it, you have to think about the distress you are creating for the parents. If you refuse to aid here, you may be subject to retaliation from the hospital. What is the moral thing for the nurse to do here?

Initial Post Instructions
For the initial post, address the following questions:

  1. What would a divine command ethicist say is the moral thing to do here? Why would they say that? Do you agree with the divine command ethics? Why or why not?
  2. Evaluate what a natural law ethicist would say is right to do. Do you agree with them? Why or why not?
  3. Given what you said are the right things to do, what would an emotivist say about your positions and judgments? What role does subjectivity play here in determining what is ethical?

Follow-Up Post Instructions
Respond to at least one peer. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification.

Writing Requirements

  • Minimum of 2 posts (1 initial & 1 follow-up)
  • Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside scholarly source)
  • APA format for in-text citations and list of references

SOLUTION  

Everyone, Welcome to the new week, in which we are getting into specific viewpoints and writings on ethical principles!

Thoughts on human nature and goodness are not limited to Western Civilization, with Christian theologians like St. Augustine and St. Aquinas who tried to describe human nature, but in Eastern Civilization in the ancient world, Chinese philosophers like Confucius and Mencius considered it, too. Confucius’ ethical worldview was that while people were good in concept, they also had to be taught good, so they didn’t automatically have everything sorted out clearly. In other words, Confucius thought people had to be taught honesty, or people had to be taught to be non-judgmental.  Likewise, people had to be taught good behavior.,,,,please click the purchase button below to access the entire solution at $5